Types of memory in the computer

Types of memory in the computer 

Types of memory in a computer

• internal memory.
• external memory.
• random access memory.
• dynamic random access memory
• Fixed RAM.
• Read only memory.
• virtual memory.
• magnetic storage devices.
• hard drives.
• Optical drive memory.

Internal memory : 

Also known as primary memory, it stores a small amount of data that you can access while you are using the computer. It consists of chips connected to the motherboard. The internal memory has two types, namely, read-only memory and random access memory.

External memory :

 Also known as secondary memory, it is not directly connected to the central processing unit, where it can be inserted and removed as needed, such as flash drives, external hard drives and compact discs (CDs). Through external memory, data can be stored from the computer and then removed from the device and connected to the device Another data transfer.

Random Access Memory :

It is the primary memory connected to the central processing unit and used to store temporary data and through which the data you need can be accessed quickly, and random access memory controls the speed and performance of the computer. You can use the computer with it, and the RAM loses data once the device is turned off. For example, if you use the Internet browser on the computer and turn off the device, the web pages you were using previously may not be saved.

Dynamic random access memory :

 one of the types of random access memory found in modern devices such as mobile devices, desktop computers and laptops and found in gaming applications. It is the cheapest type of random access memory and contains a large storage capacity and consists of capacitors and transistors, which need to be recharged every few seconds So you keep the data.

Static random access memory : 

a type of random access memory and stores data without the need to update frequently, so it is unlike dynamic access memory because it keeps data for a longer time and is fast, but its cost is higher than dynamic, which makes it not widely used.

Read-only memory :

 It is a type of basic internal memory that stores data permanently, and the programmer writes data to it using binary codes 0 and 1 that represent text. Running programs or firmware that help the device to function properly, and one of its types is a programmable read-only memory that the user can write data to using a special device called the programmer (PROM) and this type is useful for programmers who want to create a specific firmware, the type (EPROM) that The data on it can be erased using ultraviolet light which is in the form of crystals on top of the slide.

Virtual memory :

 It is a type of secondary memory that is in the form of a hard drive or hard drive and can be used to compensate for the random access memory space, which is small, where data can be transferred from random access memory to a drive and the data can be returned again when space is available in the memory Random storage, for example, when there are a lot of applications on your computer and you use them at the same time, this can reduce the device's ability to run programs and become slow. Applications that you do not use are transferred to the virtual memory, which makes the computer work efficiently.

Magnetic storage devices :

 They are called by this name because they contain a coating of magnetic material, as they treat data as an electric current, and they use magnetic fields to attract small parts of the metal disk, which is represented by zero and one, and magnetic storage devices can store a lot of data that may Up to several terabytes, they are commonly used because they are durable and inexpensive such as floppy disks, hard disk drives, and magnetic tape.

Hard disk drives : 

They are a form of external memory that consists of thin silicon chips known as cells. They are similar to magnetic storage devices because they can be removed from the device from which they extract or store data, but they are faster than magnetic storage devices because they retain binary data in silicon chips known as cells. Hard disk drives include cells and can also retain data even after the device is turned off. Common examples of hard disk drives are universal serial bus (USB) memory and a flash drive.

Optical drive memory : 

It is a type of external memory that reads and stores data using light. The most common examples of an optical drive are Blu-ray discs and DVD discs. To access the data on optical discs, we put the disc inside the computer, then the computer rotates the disc and then the laser beam present Inside the disk, scan it, load the data into the computer, and receive the data as well. This type of memory is generally inexpensive and easy to use.

definition of memory in computer

Memory in a computer is similar to the human brain. It stores data, instructions, information, and programs, where the required data is processed, and it can also store inputs and outputs.It can be internal or external and it consists of several cells called memory cells. One of the characteristics of the primary computer memory is that it is faster than the secondary, which is also known as the backup memory. The computer can only be run through the primary memory. The computer can only process data through it, which is It uses a technology similar to the connectors, and the secondary memory is slower than the primary and the storage capacity is large and the computer can run without it and the CPU cannot access it directly, as data and information are transferred first to the primary memory and then to the secondary memory and there are types of memory that can be used Depending on the type of device you are using, the memory allows the use of several applications simultaneously and quickly.

Computer memory properties

• storage capacity.
• storage place.
• How to access.
• performance rate.
• transport unit.

Storage capacity :

 It is the amount of data that a computer can store and is measured in bytes such as beta-bit, mega-bit, kilobyte, terabyte and gigabyte, for example, the hard disk contains one terabyte and the memory chip contains 2 GB or 4 GB.

Storage location : 

The storage location can be internal or external in some devices.

How to access : 

It means the search method inside storage devices, which are four types that can be a direct access method, a sequential access method, or a random access method that is in the primary memory or associative access memory.

Performance rate :

 It is one of the most important features that are in memory devices and is determined based on the data transfer rate and the time it takes for the device to transfer that data.

Transfer unit :

 It varies according to the type of memory, whether internal or external, and it consists of electrical signals that move outside and inside the device